H&C

Subject 01

History + Culture

Indian Art & Culture, Ancient, Medieval, Modern and Post-Independence India, plus World History and Society — the full GS-I story, exam-ready.

166Topics

6Sections each

FreeAll topics

Free access

All topics & sections — free

Every topic and every section (Learn, Prepare, Mains, PYQs and practice) is completely free — no account or payment needed. Only answer evaluation is paid.

Start learning → Evaluate an answer

Syllabus

Organised into sections and topics. Open any leaf to study it in the full workbook format. Every topic is free.

Part A — Indian Art & Culture

1. Indian Architecture

01 Harappan / Indus Valley Architecture Free 02 Rock-cut & Cave Architecture Free 03 Stupa Architecture Free 04 Temple Architecture — Nagara Style Free 05 Temple Architecture — Dravida Style Free 06 Temple Architecture — Vesara Style Free 07 Indo-Islamic Architecture Free 08 Colonial & Modern Architecture Free

2. Indian Sculpture

09 Harappan & Mauryan Sculpture Free 10 Gandhara, Mathura & Amaravati Schools Free 11 Gupta & Jain Sculpture Free 12 Pallava & Hoysala Sculpture Free 13 Chola Bronzes Free 14 Pala & Sena Sculpture Free

3. Indian Paintings

15 Painting Techniques — Fresco & Tempera Free 16 Prehistoric & Mural Paintings Free 17 Miniature Schools Free 18 Mughal Painting Free 19 Rajput & Pahari Painting Free 20 Folk Paintings Free 21 Modern Painting & Bengal School Free

4. Indian Music

22 Origins & Theory of Indian Music Free 23 Hindustani Music & Gharanas Free 24 Hindustani Vocal Forms Free 25 Carnatic Music Free 26 Qawwali & Sufi Music Free 27 Folk Music & Instruments Free

5. Indian Dance

28 Theory of Dance — Natyashastra Free 29 Classical Dance Forms Free 30 Semi-classical & Chhau Free 31 Folk Dances Free

6. Theatre & Drama

32 Sanskrit & Folk Theatre Free 33 Modern Theatre Free

7. Puppetry

34 Forms of Puppetry Free

8. Languages & Literature

35 Classical Languages of India Free 36 Sangam Literature Free 37 Bhakti & Sufi Literature Free 38 Persian Chronicles Free 39 Modern Indian Literature Free

9. Religion & Philosophy

40 Vedic Religion & Six Schools of Philosophy Free 41 Buddhism Free 42 Jainism Free 43 Other Heterodox Sects Free 44 Bhakti Movement Free 45 Sufi Movement Free 46 Sikhism & Other Religions Free

10. Crafts & Cultural Elements

47 Pottery Traditions Free 48 Textiles & Handicrafts Free 49 Calendars & Martial Arts Free

11. UNESCO & Heritage

50 UNESCO Heritage & Conventions Free 51 Intangible Heritage & GI Tags Free 52 Heritage Conservation & ASI Free

12. Fairs, Festivals & Awards

53 Fairs & Festivals Free 54 National Awards in Arts Free

Part B — Ancient Indian History

0. Sources of Ancient Indian History

55 Archaeological Sources Free 56 Literary Sources Free 57 Foreign Accounts Free

0B. Literary Sources (Detailed)

58 Four Vedas Free

1. Prehistory & Proto-history

59 Stone Age & Tool Typology Free

2. Indus Valley Civilization

60 Indus Valley Civilization Free

3. Vedic Age

61 Early & Later Vedic Period Free

4. Mahajanapadas & Rise of Magadha

62 16 Mahajanapadas & Magadha Free 63 Persian & Macedonian Invasions Free

5. Mauryan Empire

64 Mauryan Empire & Administration Free 65 Ashoka & Dhamma Free 66 Mauryan Art & Decline Free

6. Ancient Science & Technology

67 Mathematics & Astronomy Free 68 Medicine & Metallurgy Free

7. Post-Mauryan Period

69 Shunga, Kanva & Satavahana Free 70 Indo-Greeks, Shakas & Kushanas Free 71 Sangam Age & Indo-Roman Trade Free

8. Gupta Empire

72 Gupta Empire & the Golden Age Free

9. Post-Gupta & Vardhana

73 Harshavardhana & Contemporaries Free

10. South Indian Kingdoms

74 Pallavas, Chalukyas & Rashtrakutas Free 75 Cholas & Local Self-Government Free 76 Tripartite Struggle Free

Part C — Medieval Indian History

1. Early Medieval North India

77 Rajputs & Arab Conquest of Sindh Free 78 Ghaznavid & Ghurid Invasions Free

2. Delhi Sultanate

79 Slave / Mamluk Dynasty Free 80 Khalji Dynasty Free 81 Tughlaq Dynasty Free 82 Sayyid & Lodi Dynasties Free 83 Sultanate Administration & Economy Free

3. Provincial & Regional Kingdoms

84 Provincial Kingdoms Free 85 Vijayanagara Empire Free 86 Bahmani & Deccan Sultanates Free

4. Mughal Empire

87 Babur, Humayun & Sher Shah Free 88 Akbar Free 89 Jahangir to Aurangzeb Free 90 Mughal Administration & Economy Free 91 Decline of the Mughals Free

5. The Marathas

92 Shivaji & Maratha Administration Free 93 Peshwas & Maratha Confederacy Free

6. Later Mughals & Regional States

94 18th Century Successor States Free 95 Rise of the Sikhs Free

7. Medieval Themes & Society

96 Indian Feudalism Debate Free 97 Agrarian Structure & Trade Free 98 Bhakti-Sufi Syncretism Free

Part D — Modern Indian History

1. Advent of the Europeans

99 Advent of the Europeans Free

2. British Conquest & Expansion

100 Plassey, Buxar & Bengal Free 101 Anglo-Mysore & Anglo-Maratha Wars Free 102 Subsidiary Alliance & Doctrine of Lapse Free

3. Economic Impact of British Rule

103 Land Revenue Systems Free 104 Drain of Wealth & Deindustrialization Free

4. Administrative & Constitutional Changes

105 Regulating Act to Charter Acts Free 106 Councils Acts (1861–1909) Free 107 GoI Acts 1919 & 1935 Free

5. Socio-Religious Reform Movements

108 Hindu Reform Movements Free 109 Muslim & Other Reform Movements Free 110 Caste & Women Reform Movements Free

6. Revolt of 1857

111 Revolt of 1857 Free

7. National Movement — Early Phase

112 Foundation of INC & Moderates Free 113 Extremists & Swadeshi Movement Free 114 Home Rule & Lucknow Pact Free

8. Gandhian Era

115 Early Gandhi — Champaran to Rowlatt Free 116 Non-Cooperation & Khilafat Free 117 Civil Disobedience & Round Tables Free 118 Revolutionary Movement — Phase 2 Free 119 Government of India Act 1935 & Elections Free

9. Towards Independence

120 Congress Ministries & WWII Free 121 Cripps Mission & Quit India Free 122 Subhas Bose & the INA Free 123 Cabinet Mission to Partition Free

10. Communalism & Partition

124 Growth of Communalism & Partition Free

11. Other Movements

125 Peasant Movements Free 126 Tribal Movements Free 127 Revolutionary Organizations Free 128 Working Class, Left & Caste Movements Free

12. Press, Education & Personalities

129 Press & Education Free 130 Governors-General & Viceroys Free

Part E — Post-Independence India

1. Integration & Reorganization

131 Integration of Princely States Free 132 Linguistic & State Reorganization Free 133 Reorganization of the Northeast Free

2. Nation Building

134 Nehruvian Era & Planning Free 135 Panchayati Raj Evolution Free

3. Political Developments

136 Congress Dominance & the Emergency Free 137 Coalition Era & Regional Movements Free 138 Naxalite / Maoist Movement Free

4. Foreign Relations & Wars

139 Wars with China & Pakistan Free 140 Nuclear Policy Free

5. Social & Economic Change

141 Mandal Commission & Reservation Free 142 1991 LPG Reforms Free

Part F — World History

1. Early Modern Foundations

143 Renaissance & Reformation Free 144 The Enlightenment Free

2. 18th Century Onwards

145 Industrial Revolution Free 146 American Revolution Free 147 French Revolution Free

3. 19th Century

148 Unification of Germany & Italy Free 149 Imperialism & Colonialism Free

4. 20th Century

150 World War I Free 151 Russian Revolution Free 152 Great Depression Free 153 Fascism & Nazism Free 154 World War II Free 155 Decolonization Free 156 Cold War & End of USSR Free

5. Treaties & International Organizations

157 Treaty Systems & League of Nations Free 158 Formation of the United Nations Free

6. Political Philosophies

159 Capitalism, Socialism & Communism Free

Part G — Society

1. Society (GS-I Theme)

160 Features of Indian Society & Diversity Free 161 Caste System Free 162 Marriage, Family & Kinship Free 163 Women & Women’s Organizations Free 164 Population & Poverty Free 165 Urbanization & Globalization Free 166 Secularism, Regionalism & Communalism Free

What every topic includes

Learn the Concept

Prepare — Prelims

Prepare — Mains Mains

How to Write the Answer Mains

Prelims Questions (incl. PYQs)

Mains Questions (incl. PYQs) Mains

Completely free

Every topic is free to study.

Start learning →